Monitoring Report of the Situation of Environmental Human Rights Defenders in Indonesia. January – June 2025.

Monitoring Report of the Situation of Environmental Human Rights Defenders in Indonesia.

1st Semester, January – June 2025.

Background

Since 2023, Protection International (PI) and Satya Bumi have collaborated in monitoring violence against human rights defenders (HRDs). Since then, PI and Satya Bumi have prepared two annual monitoring reports on violence against human rights defenders: a first-semester report covering cases from January to June, and a year-end report providing an overview of events throughout the year.

Summary

From January to June 2025, we recorded 29 cases of attacks, threats, and criminalization against Environmental Human Rights Defenders (EHRDs) — double the amount in comparison to 2024.

The pattern of threats are rooted in three main factors:

• Strengthening relations between government officials and corporations;
• Weak understanding of environmental human rights defenders by policymakers; and
• Lack of impartiality by law enforcement officials.

This collaborative report includes details on the nature of threats, perpetrators and recommendations. Download the executive summary in English, and the full report in Bahasa below.